1867

• On January 9, Laramie County is created by Dakota Legislature, and it is organized within the month.
• The Union Pacific railroad reaches Wyoming.
• General Dodge, chief engineer for the U. P., chooses his Cheyenne campsite of two years before as a division point.
• June 11, Indian commissioners urge peace in meeting with Sioux at Fort Laramie.
• In Wagon Box Fight, August 2, Sioux suffer temporary defeat.
• Town of Cheyenne is founded August 7, and incorporated, December 24.
• Cheyenne Leader newspaper begins publication, September 19.
• Fort D. A. Russell (1867-1930) and Camp Carlin (1867-1888) are established.
• The Union Pacific tracks reach Cheyenne, November 13.
• November 14, commissioners meet with Crows and Arapaho in council at Fort Laramie.
• Carissa Lode is discovered at South Pass.
• Fort Fetterman (1867-82) is built on the North Platte as supply center for forts on the Bozeman Road.
• On December 27, Carter County (later Sweetwater) is established but not organized until early in 1868.

1868

• Peace councils are held with the Sioux, Crows, and Arapaho at Fort Laramie and with the Shoshones and Bannocks at Fort Bridger. Red Cloud refuses to sign Fort Laramie Treaty until the forts on the Bozeman Road are closed.
• Wind River Indian Reservation, comprising about 2,774,400 acres, is created for the Shoshone and Bannocks at the Fort Bridger Council of 1868, but the Bannocks soon leave for Fort Hall, Idaho, where they prefer to live with their people. The Wind River Reservation, the only Indian reservation in Wyoming, is known as the Shoshone Reservation from 1868-78 because the Shoshone are the sole occupants.
• July 25, the Territory of Wyoming is created by act of Congress.
• In August, the forts on the Bozeman Road are abandoned, and the Indians burn Fort Phil Kearny.
• Fort Fred Steele (1868-86) is established twelve miles east of Rawlins to protect railway builders and travelers on the trail.
• December 16, Albany and Carbon counties are established by Dakota Legislature.
• St. Mark's Episcopal Church is first church building in Cheyenne.
• Crazy Horse leads three-day battle at Horse shoe Creek.

1869

• In January, Albany and Carbon counties are organized.
• First census shows population of Wyoming Territory as 8,014. The territory is comprised of four counties (Laramie, Carter, Carbon, and Albany), each extending from the northern to southern border of the territory.
• Wyoming Territory is organized and Cheyenne is designated as territorial capital.
• John A. Campbell, appointed by President U.S. Grant, is inaugurated, April 15, first governor of Wyoming Territory.
• With the creation of the Wyoming Superintendency, Campbell becomes ex-officio superintendent of Indian Affairs.
• May 19, territorial government officially begins.
• First Territorial Court is held, May 25.
• By executive order, July 30, the Bannocks are granted a permanent home on the Fort Hall (Idaho) Reservation.
• In September, first territorial election is called by proclamation.
• October 12, First Territorial Legislative Assembly convenes.
• November 4, Red Cloud comes to Fort Laramie to talk peace.
• November 24, Legislative Assembly approves act regulating brands and protecting stockmen. (S.L. 1869, ch. 62)
• On December 1, Uinta County is created from a portion of Utah and Idaho and annexed to Wyoming Territory.
• The name of Carter County is changed to Sweetwater.
• December 10, for the first time in history of the United States, an act granting woman suffrage is passed.
• Union Pacific railroad is completed through Wyoming Territory.
• Camp Augur (1869-70), later Camp Brown (1870-78), then Fort Washakie (1878-1909) is established at the Wind River Indian Reservation to protect the Shoshones from their traditional enemies.
• It becomes unlawful to sell big game from February 1 through August 1.
• First closed season on upland game birds is from February 1 through August 15.

1870

• Census shows population of 9,118 in Wyoming Territory.
• February 17, Mrs. Esther Hobart Morris, who later becomes the symbol of woman suffrage, is the first woman ever to be appointed justice of the peace. She serves at South Pass City.
• In March, women are empaneled by court order at Laramie for both grand and petite juries in a rigid test of the law. Mrs. I. N. Hartsough serves as foreman of the jury and Mrs. Martha Boies as bailiff, while women prove their capability as jurors.
• April 7, Uinta County is organized.
• First territorial election called by law is held September 6.
• Mrs. Louisa Swain, of Laramie, casts first equal suffrage vote.
• Fort Stambaugh (1870-78) is established six miles northeast of South Pass to protect miners in the area.
• Washburn and Doane Expedition explores Yellowstone National Park region.
• Cattle era begins. The first livestock brand in Wyoming, for "neat cattle, horses, and mules" is the letter "W" reversed to make an "M." it is recorded in the name of Eliza A. Kuykendall, of Laramie County. ^[1]
• First homestead entry, in the name of Walter D. Pease, Johnson County, is recorded in the territory, December 5.
• Wyoming has 34 manufacturing establishments, representing investment capital of more than one million dollars.

1. According to Webster's New Unabridged Dictionary, 1938, p. 425, the term cattle "formerly" meant all domestic quadrupeds, i.e., sheep, goats, mules, horses, asses, and swine. "Neat" cattle are of the ox kind to distinguish them from horse, sheep, and goats, ibid, p. 1634